Question

有一瓶溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)為10%的溶液，當蒸發(fā)掉60g水后，溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)變?yōu)?0%，則原溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量是（ ）
A．12克
B．60克
C．120克
D．無法確定

Answer 1

【答案】分析：溶液蒸發(fā)水沒有析出固體，溶劑質(zhì)量減小60g溶液質(zhì)量也減小60g而溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量不變，溶液的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)增大；利用蒸發(fā)前后溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量相等，計算出原溶液的質(zhì)量；最后利用溶液質(zhì)量×質(zhì)量分數(shù)=溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量，計算原溶液中溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量．
解答：解：設10%的溶液的質(zhì)量為x，則蒸發(fā)60g水后溶液質(zhì)量為（x-60）g
x×10%=（x-60）g×20%
x=120g
120g溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)為10%的溶液中溶質(zhì)的質(zhì)量=120g×10%=12g
故選A．
點評：蒸發(fā)溶液質(zhì)量一半的水時，蒸發(fā)后所得溶液的溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)為原溶液溶質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)的2倍．