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　　In the cities,cars,buses and airplanes,as well as factories and buildings may cause air pollution.In the country,smoke from wood and crop fire may cause air pollution.

　　These days,lots of people are worried about air pollution and whether it will do harm to our health.Most of the time,the pollution levels(水平)are low and if you are in good health,then it is unlikely to have any serious short term effect(影響)on you.

　　Think back to the days of 50 years ago, factories used large amounts of coal(煤),and we could see snoke everywhere .The air then was far more dangerous than it is today.

　　However,that doesn't mean we shouldn't care about the air around us.People who already have health problems and very young or very old people should be more careful.

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　　Everyone has got two personalities(性格)－the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real．You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control yourself, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you．In a normal night, of course, you often change your sleeping positions．The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep．

　　If you go to sleep on your back, you’re a very open person．You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas．You don’t like to make people unhappy, so you never express your real feelings．You’re quite shy and you aren’t very confident．

　　If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets．You worry a lot and you’re always easily becoming sad．You never want to change your ideas, but you are satisfied with your life the way it is．You usually live for today not for tomorrow．

　　If you sleep on curled up(蜷縮), you are probably a very nervous person．You have a low opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive．You’re shy and you don’t usually like meeting people．You like to be on your own．

　　If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced(平衡的)personality．You know your strengths and weaknesses．You’re usually careful．You have a confident personality．You sometimes feel worried, but you don’t often get unhappy．You always say what you think, even if it makes people angry．

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標(biāo)號填入題前括號內(nèi)。

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　　Did you know that each day one person in the US throws away 4.4 pounds of rubbish?Almost every month, we throw away our own rubbish in packaging alone．Packaging(including boxes, bags, etc)comes to our homes with the things we have bought．Several weeks ago, the TV news said that in a city in Italy tons of rubbish were piled up in the streets, and the smell was rather terrible．What can we do to help?We should get to know the following Rs．

　　Reduce To reduce means to make less rubbish．That is one of the first things we all should do for the environment．Reduce your rubbish by doing things like packing your lunch in reusable containers(可再利用的容器), taking smaller potions(份)at dinner so you don't waste food when you have had enough, writing on both sides of paper, and using less water when taking a shower．

　　Reuse To reuse is to use things again．Think about the bags you get from the store．They can be reused to carry your lunch, to hold your rubbish, or to collect used cans．You can even take them back to the store the next time to carry your things instead of getting a new bag!

　　Recycle(回收利用)Recycling is an important part of keeping our planet clean and green．It can also save energy．Be sure that you don't throw things in the rubbish that can be recycled to make something else．Paper, plastic, cans and bottles can all be recycled, but food, electrical waste and mobile phones can't．When you are not sure whether something can be recycled, go to your parents and teachers for advice．

　　Follow the three Rs, and every one of us can do something to save the earth．It is also the best way to save ourselves．

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　　You probably know you should say “please” and “thank you” at restaurants．You probably know the rules of a library．You know you should respect(尊重)and be nice to your classmates．But do you have music manners?

　　Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music．You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it．Some people might even get angry．Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can't hear the words of the song．They just hear a loud sound．No one wants to listen to this．Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to your MP3 player, you shouldn't have it turned up too high．

　　Take Them off! You need to know when to turn your MP3 player off and put it away．Libraries and schools don't allow MP3 players．There are other places, like museums, that don't have rules, but it would be rude to have your MP3 player on．Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came．

　　Take One Out! Once in a while it's OK just to take out one earphone and not the other．Imagine you are listening on your MP3 player when someone asks you the way．It would not be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening．You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone and it's not for you．

　　It's Your Choice! There are times when you need to decide what is best．For example, some people can listen to music on their MP3 players when reading books, while others think it is disturbing．In cases like this, you need to do what seems right for you．

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　　A few minutes ago, walking back from lunch, I started to cross the street when I heard the sound of a coin dropping．It wasn’t much but, as I turned, my eyes caught the heads of several other people turning too．A woman had dropped what seemed to be a dime(十美分硬幣)．

　　The sound of a coin dropping on the street catches everybody’s attention．Whatever the coin is, no one ignores(忽視)the sound of it．It got me thinking about sounds again．

　　There are so many sounds that catch the most attention．People in New York City seldom turn to look when they hear the siren(警報(bào))of a police car or an ambulance(救護(hù)車)．

　　When I’m in New York, I’m a New Yorker．I don’t turn either．I hardly hear a siren there．

　　At home in my little town in Connecticut, it’s different．The faraway high sound of a police car, an ambulance or a fire siren brings me to my feet if I’m sitting and brings me to the window if I’m in bed．

　　It’s the quietest sounds that catch our attention most easily, not the loudest．In the middle of the night, I can hear water dropping a hundred yards away through three closed doors．I’ve been hearing little creaking(吱嘎)noises and sounds in the middle of the night for twenty-five years in our house．Why do I never hear those sounds in the daytime?

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　　I was cleaning out an old bos when an old card caught my eye: Queen City Casket Company．“What is it?”I wondered．I turned it over．There, in faded ink, was a hand-written address．Immediately my mind traveled many years back．

　　I was nine years old, walking down the cold and v．ot streets of Springfield, with a bag of magazines on my shoulder．That day, I came to the company finally, whose owner, Mr Rader, had always taken me there to ask his workers if they wanted any magazines．

　　Shaking off the rain like a wet dog, I went into Mr Rader's office．After a quick look he took me over to the fireplace．Noticing the hole in the top of my shoe, he said,“Come with me!”pulling me into his car．We stopped in front of a shoe store．Inside, a salesman fitted me with the finest pair of shoes I had ever seen．I felt about 10 feet tall when I got up in them．“We'd like a pair of new socks, too．”Mr Rader said．

　　Back in his office, Mr Rader took out a card, wrote something on it and handed it to me．With tearful eyes, I read,“Do to others as you would have them do to you．”He said kindly,“Jimmy, I want you to know I love you．”

　　I said good-bye, and for the first time I sensed a piece of hope that tilings would be better．With people like Mr Rader in the world, there was hope, kindness and love, and that would always make a difference．

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　　A man came home from work late, tired, to find his 5-year-old son waiting for him at the door．

　　“Daddy, how much money do you make an hour?”

　　“If you must know, I make ＄20 an hour,”

　　“Oh,” the little boy replied, with his head down．He thought for a moment, looked up and said, “Daddy, could you lend me ＄10?”

　　The father was furious, “If you asked for the money to buy a toy or some other rubbish, then go straight to your room and think about why you are being so selfish(自私的)!”

　　The little boy quietly went to his room and shut the door．After about an hour or so, the father calmed(平靜)down, and started to think, “Maybe he really needs to buy something and he didn't really ask for money very often．” So he went to the little boy's room．

　　“Sorry! Maybe I was too hard on you just now．” said the man, “Here's ＄10．”

　　“Oh, thank you, Daddy!” he said happily．Then, the boy took out some coins．When the father found that the boy already had money, he got angry again．

　　“Why do you want more money since you already have some?” the father shouted angrily．

　　“Because I didn't have enough, but now I do．” the little boy replied, “Daddy, I have ＄20 now．Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow．I would like to have dinner with you．”

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　　Jackie Chan came into this world in 1954, the son of a poor couple who went to Hong Kong from Shandong, China．When he was born, his parents did not have enough money to pay the hospital．They almost had to ask a doctor to adopt him．But the good omen of his birth－an only child born in the Year of the Horse－was destined to change his fortune．His parents tried very hard to raise money for the hospital bill and took Jackie, their only child, home．They named him Chan Kong-sang, which means born in Hong Kong, to celebrate their safe arrival in Hong Kong．

　　The family lived in the French Embassy where Jackie's father worked as a cook and his mother a housekeeper．Jackie disliked school and left after finishing Grade One．

　　When Jackie was seven years old, his father went to Australia and worked as a chief cook in the American Embassy there to earn more money．Jackie's life was destined to change greatly from the moment his father decided that the boy should learn some skills, and sent him to the China Drama Academy．

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　　Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important gift．It was a smile．

　　It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school, and my old school was far away．As a result, no one knew who I was．I was very lonely, and afraid to speak to anyone．

　　Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break．I couldn't talk with anyone about my problems．

　　Then one day, when my classmates were talking happily with their friends, I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual．At that moment, a boy entered the classroom．I didn't know who he was．He passed by me and then turned back．He looked at me, with a smile．

　　Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly．It made me feel happy and warm．That smile changed my life．I started to talk with other students and made friends．Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class．The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now．

　　One day I asked him why he had smiled, but he couldn't remember doing so!

　　It doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone．I believe that the world is what you think it is．If you think it is lonely, you might always be alone．So smile at the world and it will smile back．

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Mrs Hunt comes back from work．She tells Mr Hunt about a nice dress．‘I see it in the shop every day', she says , ‘a(chǎn)nd …' ‘And you want to buy it ?' says Mr hunt．'How much is it ?' ‘Two hundred and sixty yuan．''Two hundred and sixty yuan for a dress ?That's too much !' But every evening when she comes back , Mrs Hunt speaks only about the dress, so at last he says , ‘Oh ,buy the dress ! here's the money !' She is every happy．But the next evening, when Mr Hunt wants to have a look at the nice dress, Mr Hunt says ,'I don't want to buy it．' ‘Why not ?' he asks．‘Well, it is still in the window of the shop after a week．So I think no one wants this dress．And I don't want it ,either．'

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　　An American diplomat(外交官) living in China decided one day to take a trip out of the city of Beijing with his wife.The diplomat's wife wanted to visit a nearby temple which she had looked up in a tourist guide.

　　After reaching the temple,the diplomat and his wife found that there was no one around at all.The temple seemed to be open,but no ceremonies were taking place at the time.

　　"Since we are here," the diplomat said,"we can at least look around." So the couple took a walk around the temple.While looking at the sculptures(雕塑) in one of the buildings,the diplomat and his wife met a monk.This was the head monk of the temple.After finding out that the diplomat and his wife were Americans,the monk asked the couple if they would do something to help the temple.

　　He asked,"Could you do us a great favour for our future visitors to guide and instruct them?Would you write something in English?" Of course the couple did not have to think over the monk's request.They agreed to help.The couple had to wait for the monk for a few minutes while he ran to find two pieces of wood for the couple to write on.

　　When the monk returned,he said,"Could you write the word 'ladies' on this piece of wood and 'gentlemen' on the other piece?"

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