It was an afternoon Truman would never forget．
Rayburn and his friend were talking in the office before Truman arrived. The telephone rang. It was a call from the White House asking whether Vice-President Truman had arrived yet. No, Rayburn replied. The caller asked to have him telephone the White House as soon as he arrived.
Truman entered a minute later. He immediately called the White House. As he talked, his face became white. He put down the phone and raced out of the door to his car.
Truman arrived at the White House within minutes. An assistant took him to the president’s private living area. Eleanor Roosevelt, the president’s wife, was waiting for him there. “Harry,” she said, “the president is dead.” Truman was shocked. He asked Mrs. Roosevelt if there was anything he could do to help her. But her reply made clear to him that his own life had suddenly changed. “Is there anything we can do for you ?” Mrs. Roosevelt asked the new president, “You are the one in trouble now.”
Truman had been a surprise choice for vice-president at the Democratic Party nominating convention in nineteen forty-four. Delegates considered several other candidates before they chose him as Roosevelt’s running mate. That was at a time when presidential candidates did not make their own choices for vice-president．
Harry Truman lacked the fame，the rich family and the strong speech-making skills of Franklin Roosevelt．He was a much simpler man．He grew up in the Midwestern state of Missouri．Truman only studied through high school but took some nighttime law school classes．He worked for many years as a farmer and a small businessman，but without much success．
Truman had long been interested in politics．When he was almost forty，he finally won several low-level positions in his home state．By nineteen thirty-four，he was popular enough in Missouri to be nominated and elected to the United States Senate. And he won re-election six years later．
Most Americans, however, knew little about Harry Truman when he became president．They knew he had close ties to the Democratic Party political machine in his home state．But they had also heard that he was a very honest man．They could see that Truman had strongly supported President Roosevelt’s New Deal programs．But they could not be sure what kind of president Truman would become．
At the center of all the action was Harry Truman．It was not long before he showed Americans and the world that he had the ability to be a good president．He was honest，strong and willing to make decisions．
【小題1】When Mrs. Roosevelt said”You are the one in trouble now”，she really meant that         ．

The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to  36  the seats, settled in one of them.

It had been a year since Susan became blind. As a result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of  37 . Susan’s husband Mark watched her  38  into hopelessness and he was  39  to use every possible means to help his wife.

Finally, Susan felt ready to  40  to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too  41  to get around the city by herself. Mark  42 to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening  43  she could manage it by herself.

For two weeks, Mark  44  Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other  _45 _, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new _46 .

At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip  47 _. Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband  48 _, her eyes filled with tears of gratitude（感激）. She said good-bye and, for the first time, they went their  49 ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wild excitement   50 _ Susan. She was doing it!

On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work  51 . As she was getting off the bus, the driver said, “Miss, I sure  52  you.” Curious, Susan asked the driver  53 _.

“You know, every morning for the  54  week, a fine-looking gentleman in a military uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely,” the bus driver said.

Tears of happiness poured down Susan’s cheeks. She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than  55 _. That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.

1.                A．touch          B．grab           C．count    D．feel

2.                A．weakness       B．sickness        C．darkness  D．sadness

3.                A．run            B．sink            C．jump D．step

4.                A．inspired        B．determined      C．honored  D．pleased

5.                A．return         B．adjust          C．contribute D．stick

6.                A．dread          B．astonished      C．depressed D．frightened

7.                A．volunteered     B．attempted       C．continued D．struggled

8.                A．when          B．as             C．until D．after

9.                A．drove          B．directed        C．accompanied  D．sent

10.               A．feeling         B．organs         C．skills  D．senses

11.               A．position        B．environment    C．status D．role

12.               A．on her own     B．in person       C．to her benefit   D．on foot

13.               A．politely         B．calmly          C．briefly D．tightly

14.               A．opposite        B．separate        C．fixed D．lonely

15.               A．took charge of   B．took place of    C．took advantage of    D．took hold of

16.               A．as usual        B．as a rule        C．as well    D．as a consequence

17.               A．respect        B．envy           C．know D．support

18.               A．what           B．how           C．why  D．who

19.               A．past           B．same          C．first  D．next

20.               A．courage        B．will            C．sight  D．wisdom

How to Argue with Your Boss

    Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss’s secretary, there are keys to timing: don’t approach the boss when he’s on deadline; don’t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don’t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.

    If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don’t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.

    Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.

    Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their boss may soon find they can’t get past the secretary.

    To deal effectively with a boss, it’s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.

1.Paragraph 2 ______

2.Paragraph 3 ______

3.Paragraph 4 ______

4.Paragraph 5 ______

A. Keep Your Voice Low All the Time

B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position

C. Propose Your Solution

D. Don’t Go in When You Are Angry

E. Make the Issue Clear

F. Never Give in

5.If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first _________.

6.It is necessary to make clear to the boss ___________.

7.It is not wise to present the boss with a problem ___________.

8.You must be considerate and think of the troubles ____________.

A. to give the boss your advice

B. how he is feeling

C. the boss may have

D. what you really want to talk to him about

E. without suggesting a way to solve it

F. how unhappy you are

The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to  36  the seats, settled in one of them.
It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of  37 . Susan’s husband Mark watched her  38  into hopelessness and he was  39  to use every possible means to help his wife.
Finally, Susan felt ready to 40  to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too  41  to get around the city by herself. Mark  42 to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening  43  she could manage it by herself.
For two weeks, Mark  44  Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other  45 , specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new  46 .
At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip  47 . Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband  48 , her eyes filled with tears of gratitude（感激）. She said good-bye and, for the first time, they went their  49  ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wild excitement   50  Susan. She was doing it!
On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work  51 . As she was getting off the bus, the driver said, “Miss, I sure  52  you.” Curious, Susan asked the driver   53 .
“You know, every morning for the  54  week, a fine-looking gentleman in a military uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely,” the bus driver said.
Tears of happiness poured down Susan’s cheeks. She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than  55 . That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.

【小題8】

A．when B．as C．until D．after

Europeans made ______ clear that they did not want to take the Romans as neighbors.

 We have made ______ clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.

A. this                          B. that                          C. it                               D. one

His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter.

A. him                        B. this                         C. it                     D. that

Rene Descartes’ explanation of pain has long been acknowledged in medicine. He proposed that pain is a purely physical phenomenon – that tissue injury makes specific nerves send a signal to the brain, causing the mind to notice pain. The phenomenon, he said, is like pulling on a rope to ring a bell in the brain. It is hard to overstate how deeply fixed this account has become. In medicine, doctors see pain in Descartes’ terms — as a physical process, a sign of tissue injury.

The limitations of this explanation, however, have been apparent for some time, since people with obvious injuries sometimes report feeling no pain at all. Later, researchers proposed that Descartes’ model be replaced with what they called the gate control theory of pain. They argued that before pain signals reach the brain, they must first go through a gating mechanism in the spinal cord(脊髓). In some cases, this imaginary gate could simply stop pain signals from getting to the brain.

Their most amazing suggestion was that what controlled the gate was not just signals from sensory nerves but also emotions and other “output” from the brain. They were saying that pulling on the rope need not make the bell ring. The bell itself —the mind— could stop it. This theory led to a great deal of research into how such factors as mood, gender, and beliefs influence the experience of pain. In a British study, for example, researchers measured pain threshold and tolerance levels in 53 ballet dancers and 53 university students by using a common measurement: after immersing your hand in body-temperature water for two minutes to establish a baseline condition, you put your hand in a bowl of ice water and start a clock running. You mark the time when it begins to hurt: that is your pain threshold. Then you mark the time when it hurts too much to keep your hand in the water: that is your pain tolerance. The test is always stopped at 120 seconds, to prevent injury.

The results were striking. On average female students reported pain at 16 seconds and pulled their hands out of the ice water at 37 seconds. Female dancers were almost three times as long on both counts. Men in both groups had a higher threshold and tolerance for pain, but the difference between male dancers and male nondancers was nearly as large. What explains that difference? Probably it has something to do with the psychology of ballet dancers — a group known for self-discipline, physical fitness, and competitiveness, as well as by a high rate of chronic(慢性) injury. Their driven personalities and competitive culture evidently accustom them to pain. Other studies along these lines have shown that outgoing people have greater pain tolerance and that, with training, one can reduce one’s sensitivity to pain.

There is also striking evidence that very simple kinds of mental suggestion can have powerful effects on pain. In one study of 500 patients undergoing dental procedures, those who were given a placebo(安慰劑) injection and promised that it would relieve their pain had the least discomfort — not only less than the patients who got a placebo and were told nothing but also less than the patients who got actual drug without any promise that it would work.

Today it is abundantly evident that the brain is actively involved in the experience of pain and is no more bell on a string. Today every medical textbook teaches the gate control theory as fact. There’s a problem with it, though. It explains people who have injuries but feel no pain, but it doesn’t explain the reverse, which is far more common — the millions of people who experience chronic pain, such as back pain, with no signs of injury whatsoever. So where does the pain come from? The rope and clapper are gone, but the bell is still ringing.

1.The primary purpose of the passage is to               .

A. describe how modern research has updated an old explanation

B. support a traditional view with new data

C. promote a particular attitude towards physical experience

D. suggest a creative treatment for a medical condition

2.Which statement best describes Descartes theory of pain presented in paragraph 1?

A. The brain can shut pain off at will.

B. The brain plays no part in the body’s experience of pain.

C. Pain can be caused in many different ways.

D. Pain is an automatic response to bodily injury.

3.The author implies that the reason why the gate control was “amazing” was that it        .

A. offered an extremely new and original explanation

B. was just opposite to people’s everyday experiences

C. was grounded in an ridiculous logic

D. was so sensible it should have been proposed centuries before

4.The author refers to “chronic back pain” as an example of something that is        .

A. costly, because it troubles millions of people

B. puzzling, because it sometimes has no obvious cause

C. disappointing, because it does not improve with treatment

D. worrying, because it lies beyond the reach of medicine

5.The last sentence of the passage serves mainly to express that         .

A. scientific judgments are difficult to understand

B. theoretical investigations are generally useless

C. researchers still have a long way to go before the puzzle is made clear

D. there is always something puzzling at the heart of science

   Will you get a good job？ What will you do？ Many new graduates feel lost when they consider the endless list of career choices. They’ve invested a lot of money for their diploma（文憑）and now an important question stares them in the fact.
I’ve seen so many now graduates who do not know how to use the degree they have just earned. An example was Dave，who loved sports and had played baseball throughout his college years. He had his heart set on working for Nike. But he had never made clear in his own mind what kind of job he could do for Nike，so nothing ever happened. Another example was Allison，who was a history major. She wanted to work as an event planner，but unfortunately，no one hired her. Why？ No experience.
Failing to do some solid career exploration first，to get a clear idea of the types of jobs you can do，is a big error that many college students make. After our suggestion，Dave and Allison both found their jobs. To ensure a brighter future，follow these effective strategies：
—Make educated career choices. Identify the job you want. Conduct research. Ask parents to advise you on actual job duties. Consider what your natural talents are，and look for positions where you can use them.
—Don’t rely on the Internet. Networking is an effective tool—be sure it’s a job—hunting strategy you use. New studies from the Department of Labor state that only 4％ of job-seekers found their job on the Internet. The fact is that 63％ of all jobs are filled by contacts.
Employers are making quick decisions. Most people lose the job in the first minute of the interview. It’s deadly to let the employers focus quickly on how well you can perform the job.
—Practice your interviewing skills. Be ready for the tough questions by first writing out good answers to possible questions and having a role-playing interview with your friend.
60．What does the author seem to be most probable？
A．A job-hunter. 　　　　　　　B．A magazine editor.
C．A website owner. 　　　　　 D．A job-seeking adviser.
61．In order to be well prepared for the interview, you’d better ____________.
A．surf the Internet for contacts
B．get along well with your workmates
C．practice the interview for several times
D．take care of your dress
62．According to the text it is suggested that Dave should ____________.
A．let others know what he can do for them
B．study further to get a higher degree
C．give up his interest in playing basketball
D．take part-time jobs first
63．For Allison, she should ____________.
A．find a job in another field
B．find some work to gain work experience
C．not tell the employer her major
D．offer more personal information

—It’s reported that the new underground line has been completed．

    —Yes but it hasn’t been made clear________ it’s to be opened to traffic．

A．that                     B．who                    C．what                     D．when

His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter．

A．him B．this   C．it      D．that

In the UK, most children have their lunches at school, but in some schools, parents can choose what their children eat. The children can have a school dinner — a hot, cooked meal; or they can take a packed （包裝的）lunch with them, which usually includes cold food like sandwiches.

Often parents know what their children want. Cath, a mother of three children, told us, “My children have packed lunches because they say they hate school dinners. So I make three packed lunches every morning.”

However, another mother, Susan, made a different choice. She said, “My daughters have always had school dinners. I think they probably get healthier food at school than a few sandwiches I make for them.”

But how healthy are school dinners? Kaz, a father, thought poorly of them. He said, “Fizzy (起泡的) drinks were offered and I think there were lots of chips.”

Jamie Oliver spent a year working in a school kitchen. He was worried about the unhealthy food which included burgers, pizzas and chips. So he tried to cook healthy food such as good stews(燉肉) and curries (咖喱菜肴) for the children instead.

So Jamie improved the school dinners, and trained the dinner ladies to cook healthy food in that school. Then he advised the government to improve school food across the country. And it seems that the changes have begun.

Anna, a pupil, told us, “we used to have a fast food window where you got chips and coke, but they stopped that this year. There’s salad restaurant, which is good, so it’s healthier than it was.”

How many meals do most children in the UK have at school?

    A. One      B. Two           C. Three            D. Four

_______ would like the children to have the school meals.

   A. Cath      B. Susan          C. Kaz             D. Jamie

Jamie thought ______ were healthy food

   A. stews and curries             B. burgers and pizzas

C. chips and fizzy drinks          D. sandwiches and coke

The last two paragraphs show that________.

    A. There’s a salad restaurant in every school

    B. salad is the only healthy food for students

C. schools have begun to cook healthier food

D. the government doesn’t care about school dinners

What is the best title for this text?

    A. Healthy Food                B. Unhealthy Food 

C. Packed Lunches              D. School Dinners

He made ____clear when he would give us a lecture on global warming.

A．this              B．it                C．that              D．these

Europeans made ______ clear that they did not want to take the Romans as neighbors.

A．so               B．very              C．it                D．that

B
Will you get a good job？ What will you do？ Many new graduates feel lost when they consider the endless list of career choices. They’ve invested a lot of money for their diploma（文憑）and now an important question stares them in the fact.
I’ve seen so many now graduates who do not know how to use the degree they have just earned. An example was Dave，who loved sports and had played baseball throughout his college years. He had his heart set on working for Nike. But he had never made clear in his own mind what kind of job he could do for Nike，so nothing ever happened. Another example was Allison，who was a history major. She wanted to work as an event planner，but unfortunately，no one hired her. Why？ No experience.
Failing to do some solid career exploration first，to get a clear idea of the types of jobs you can do，is a big error that many college students make. After our suggestion，Dave and Allison both found their jobs. To ensure a brighter future，follow these effective strategies：
—Make educated career choices. Identify the job you want. Conduct research. Ask parents to advise you on actual job duties. Consider what your natural talents are，and look for positions where you can use them.
—Don’t rely on the Internet. Networking is an effective tool—be sure it’s a job—hunting strategy you use. New studies from the Department of Labor state that only 4％ of job-seekers found their job on the Internet. The fact is that 63％ of all jobs are filled by contacts.
Employers are making quick decisions. Most people lose the job in the first minute of the interview. It’s deadly to let the employers focus quickly on how well you can perform the job.
—Practice your interviewing skills. Be ready for the tough questions by first writing out good answers to possible questions and having a role-playing interview with your friend.
60．What does the author seem to be most probable？
A．A job-hunter. 　　　　　　　B．A magazine editor.
C．A website owner. 　　　　　 D．A job-seeking adviser.
61．In order to be well prepared for the interview, you’d better ____________.
A．surf the Internet for contacts
B．get along well with your workmates
C．practice the interview for several times
D．take care of your dress
62．According to the text it is suggested that Dave should ____________.
A．let others know what he can do for them
B．study further to get a higher degree
C．give up his interest in playing basketball
D．take part-time jobs first
63．For Allison, she should ____________.
A．find a job in another field
B．find some work to gain work experience
C．not tell the employer her major
D．offer more personal information

The _________ nature of the job will be made clear when you start.

完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to   31     the seats, settled in one of them.

It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of     32    . Susan’s husband Mark watched her    33   into hopelessness and he was    34    to use every possible means to help his wife.

Finally, Susan felt ready to   35    to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too     36    to get around the city by herself. Mark   37   to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening    38    she could manage it by herself.

For two weeks, Mark   39    Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other   40     , specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new    41     .

At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip   42    . Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband   43    , her eyes filled with tears of gratitude（感激）.She said good-bye and, for the first time, they went their    44    ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wild excitement    45    Susan. She was doing it!

On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work   46    . As she was getting off the bus, the driver said, “Miss, I sure   47   you.” Curious, Susan asked the driver   48     .

“You know ,every morning for the __49_week,a fine-looking gentleman in a military uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely,” the bus driver said.

   Tears of happiness poured down Susan’s cheeks. She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than_50_,That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.

31.A. touch            B.grab          C.count             D.feel

32.A.weakness         B. sickness       C.darkness          D.sadness

33.A.run              B.sink           C.jump             D.step

34.A.inspired          B.determined     C.honored           D.pleased

35.A.return            B.adjust          C.contribute         D.stick

36.A.dred             B.astonished      C.depressed         D.frightened

37.A.volunteered       B.attempted       C.continued         D.struggled

38.A.when            B.as             C.until             D.after

39.A.drove            B.direted         C.accompanied      D.sent

40.A.feeling           B.organs         C.skills             D.senses

41.A.position          B.environment    C.status            D.role

42.A.on her own       B.in person        C.to her benefit      D.on foot

43.A.politely          B.calmly          C.briefly           D.tightly

44.A.opposite         B.separate         C.fixed             D.lonely

45.A.took charge of                      B.took place of

  C.took advantage of                    D.took hold of

46.A.as usual                           B.as a rule

  C.as well                            D.as a consequence

47.A.respect       B.evry               C.know         D.support

48.A.what         B.how               C. who          D.who

49.A.past         B.same               C.first          D.next

50.A.courage      B.will                C.sight         D.wisdom

I have made ______ clear _______ I have nothing to do with the accident.

A．it; what           B．that; that          C．it; that            D．this; that

The design of this architecture has to _____ all ages and social groups, which should be made clear to whoever is to design it.

       A. fit in with B. stand for    C. go for       D. appeal to