欧美日韩黄网欧美日韩日B片|二区无码视频网站|欧美AAAA小视频|久久99爱视频播放|日本久久成人免费视频|性交黄色毛片特黄色性交毛片|91久久伊人日韩插穴|国产三级A片电影网站|亚州无码成人激情视频|国产又黄又粗又猛又爽的

12、非持/延續(xù)性（短暫性、終止性）動(dòng)詞變?yōu)槌掷m(xù)性動(dòng)詞的方法

非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

例     句

come/go

be at/in

I came here two days ago.

I have been here for two days.

arrive/reach

be

He arrived here yesterday.

He has been here for two days.

begin/start

be on

The film began five minutes ago.

The film has been on for five minutes.

borrow

keep

He borrowed the book last Sunday.

He has kept the book since last Sunday.

buy

have

My brother bought his book two days ago.

My brother has had his book for two days.

close

be closed

The shop closed three days ago.

The shop has been closed for three days.

die

be dead

His grandpa died two years ago.

His grandpa has been dead for two years.

get up

be up

He got up two hours ago.

He has been up for two hours.

join

be(in)

11．用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞

動(dòng)詞（短語）

短語形式

例   句

說   明

ask,order,send,teach,tell,

want,wish,would like

+ sb. to do sth.

I’d like your parents to come over to my home.

Do you want me to help you?

這些動(dòng)詞后面只能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

believe,know,think

understand,feel

+ sb. to be

I believe the story to be true.

動(dòng)詞不定式to be可以省略

類  別

單 詞

短 語 形 式

釋 義

感官動(dòng)詞

hear

hear sb. do sth.

聽到某人做了某事

see

see sb. do sth.

看見某人做了某事

watch

watch sb. do sth.

觀看某人做了某事

find

find sb. do sth.

發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做了某事

feel

feel sb. do sth.

感覺某人做了某事

使役動(dòng)詞

make

make sb. do sth.

使（讓）某人做某事

let

let sb. do sth.

讓某人做某事

其    他

help

help sb. do sth.

幫助某人做某事

10、用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞

動(dòng)詞（短語）

短語形式

例   句

說   明

ask,decide,hope,want,agree

choose,wish,would like

+ to do sth.

Would you like to have some tea,please?

這些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語

learn,hate,like,love,prefer

begin,start

+ to do sth.

(+doing sth.)

I like singing,but now I don’t like to sing.

這些動(dòng)詞在接不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing時(shí)，意義差別不大。

try,forget,remember,stop

go on

+ to do sth.

(+doing sth.)

Please remember to lock the door.

這些動(dòng)詞在接不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing時(shí)，意義差別很大。

help

+ to do sth.

(+do sth.)

Kate usually helps (to) do some housework at home on Sunday

help后的to可以省略，意義相同

need

+ to do sth.

(+doing sth.

You need to go home quickly.

Your shoes need mending

need后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，表示主動(dòng)意義；后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式時(shí)，表示被動(dòng)意義。

ask,choose,decide,forget,

know,learn,see,show,teach

tell,understand,find out

疑問詞+ to do sth.

I don’t know how to answer this question.

疑問詞why沒有此用法，不定式的邏輯主語常為句中主語。

        9.跟動(dòng)詞+ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語

動(dòng)詞（短語）

短 語 形 式

釋     義

enjoy

enjoy doing sth.

喜歡做某事

finish

finish doing sth.

完成做某事

keep

keep(sb.)doing sth.

（讓某人）一直做某事

stop

stop doing sth.

停止做某事

go on

go on doing sth.

繼續(xù)做某事

be busy

be busy doing sth.

忙著做某事

like

like doing sth.

喜歡做某事

hear

hear sb. doing sth.

聽到某人正做某事

see

see sb. doing sth.

看見某人正做某事

find

find sb. doing sth

發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正做某事

watch

watch sb. doing sth.

觀看某人正做某事

spend

spend time/money (in) doing sth.

花費(fèi)錢/時(shí)間做某事

go

go doing sth.

去做某事

8．had better的用法

had better“最好”后只接動(dòng)詞原形。其否定式應(yīng)在之后加not。

You had better have a rest.

You had better not talk in class.

7．Used to和be/get used to

（1）used to過去常常（現(xiàn)在已不如此），to是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞原形，構(gòu)成否定式和疑問式時(shí)可借助助動(dòng)詞did或直接用used作助動(dòng)詞。

He used to smoke.

He usedn’t/didn’t use to come

You used to go there,usedn’t /didn’t you ?

Did you use to be a teacher.?

（2）be used to“習(xí)慣于……”其中to是介詞，其后要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接動(dòng)詞原形。有時(shí)為強(qiáng)調(diào)從不習(xí)慣到習(xí)慣的過程，可用get used to

She is used to getting up early .

You’ll soon get used to the food here.

6.should表示“應(yīng)當(dāng)”

We should help others when they are in trouble.

You shouldn’t eat too much rich food.

5．can , may表推測(cè)“可能”,must表推測(cè)“一定”“肯定”

(1)can表推測(cè)“可能”,只能用于疑問句中或否定句中。

Can it be true?    It can’t be true.

(2)may表推測(cè)“可能”主要用于肯定句中或否定句中。

You may be right.   He may be ill.

(3)must表推測(cè)“一定”“肯定”通常只用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑問句中用can代之。

The door is open.He must be at home.

It must be true.

注意：must表推測(cè)，用于反意疑問句時(shí)，該句助動(dòng)詞不能用，而是根據(jù)其后動(dòng)詞的形式來決定。

It must still be there,isn’t it?

He must have gone home,hasn’t he ?

4.need的用法

（1）need作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示“需要”、“必須”。主要用于疑問句和否定句中，較少用于肯定句。

You needn’t hurry.There’s a little time to go .

Need I come on Sunday ?Yes,I’m afraid you must. No,you needn’t

（2）need作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞既可用于否定句、疑問句、又可用于肯定句，其后可跟名詞、代詞、不定式；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)名詞，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。

We need some help.

I don’t need things like that.

You need to buy a computer.

Your shoes need cleaning.=Your shoes need to be cleaned.

Our classroom needs repairing.=Our classroom needs to be repaired

3.must的用法

（1）    表示“必須”“應(yīng)該”

否定式“must not/mustn’t”表示“不應(yīng)該”“不準(zhǔn)”等。在回答帶有must的問句時(shí)，否定式常用needn’t或don’t have to ，而不用mustn’t。

The work must be finished as soon as possible.

You mustn’t speak like that.

Must I be home before eight o’clock?

Yes,you must.No,you needn’t./No,you don’t have to.

(2) must和 have to

must和have to都可以表示必須，但must表示說話人的主觀看法，have to表示客觀需要。must只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)，要表示過去時(shí)和將來時(shí)需要用had to和will have to .

I must go now.

I have to go now.

The room is dirty.I have to clean it now.

You don’t have to worry about that.

The students will have to know how to use the computer.