Historians say Harriet Tubman was born in the year 1820.Nobody really knows. But we do know that Harriet Tubman was one of the bravest women ever born in the United States.
From a very early age，Harriet knew how slaves suffered. At six years old，she was sent to the fields. Working outside not only made her body strong but also made her learn about the Underground Railroad，on which she helped hundreds of people escape from slavery later. She also learned many things from the other slaves，which one day would help her lead her people to freedom. She became more of a rebel (反叛者).
In 1844，at about age 24，she married a free black man named John Tubman. By now，Harriet was sure she wanted to try to escape. Suddenly，the time came. Her owner died. Though opposed by her husband，she decided to escape. With the help of the Underground Railroad，and through a variety of suffering she finally crossed the border into Pennsylvania，where slavery was banned.
Now that Harriet was free，she did not forget the hundreds of other slaves back in Maryland. Harriet traveled back and forth eighteen times，helping about 300 slaves escape into free territory. She became an expert at hiding from slave hunters. The people she helped called her Moses. At one time，anyone finding Harriet was promised $40,000 for catching her-dead or alive.
During the Civil War，Harriet Tubman went into enemy territory to spy for the North. She also served as a nurse. After four years of bloody fighting，the North won the war.
After the fighting ended，Harriet Tubman returned to Auburn，New York. She kept working. She traveled and gave speeches to raise money for better education for black children. She also worked for women’s rights and housing. Harriet Tubman died in 1913.She was about 93 years old. By that time，she was recognized as an American hero. The United States government gave a funeral with military honors for the woman known as Moses.

1. 1.

   Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

   1. A.
      A History of American Black Slaves
   2. B.
      Cruel American Civil War
   3. C.
      Information on the Underground Railroad
   4. D.
      A Brief Introduction to Harriet Tubman
2. 2.

   Which of the following is true of the Underground Railroad?

   1. A.
      It was a system that helped slaves escape from the South to North.
   2. B.
      It was a special train，on which slaves couldn’t be found easily.
   3. C.
      It was a special place where slaves could hide themselves.
   4. D.
      It was a group of people who would like to help the blacks.
3. 3.

   The sentence “Later，she told a friend，‘I felt like I was in heaven.’” can be placed at the back of Paragragh ________.

   1. A.
      2
   2. B.
      3
   3. C.
      4
   4. D.
      5
4. 4.

   According to the text，we know that ________.

   1. A.
      slavery was banned in all the states in America before the Civil War
   2. B.
      Harriet Tubman raised money for better education for white children
   3. C.
      the government gave her a funeral because she was Moses
   4. D.
      Harriet Tubman still worked for black people after the Civil War

閱讀理解。

　　The history of slavery is a very sad story. Beginning in 1619, the first slaves came to America from Africa. In the South, there were big tobacco and cotton plantation (種植園). The plantation owners bought slaves like animals to work for them. Slaves picked cotton in the fields. They worked in the houses. They could not leave the plantations. They did not get paid for their work. Some slave owners were very cruel.

　　There were laws against slavery in the North. Many slaves ran away to the North. From 1861 to 1865 there was a Civil War between the North and the South. After the Civil War, all slaves became free. After the war there were still many problems for African-American people. They had no education. They could not vote. They earned very little money.

　　For many, many years, black people and white people were segregated (kept separate) by law. There were segregated school, segregated movie houses, and segregated train cars. Black people and white people could not go to the same restaurants, hotels, or swimming pools. They could not drink water from the same places or use the same bathrooms. Black people could not get good jobs. They could not find good places to live. They could not play in sports with white people.

　　When black people tried to change things, they were caught and putting to prison. They lost their jobs. They might be killed and their houses might be burned down who “stepped out of line.”

1．The slave owners bought black mainly because ________.

[　　]

2．Many slaves ran away to the North because ________.

[　　]

A．the Civil War took place between the North and the South

B．slaves were free in the North

C．they could get more pay in the North

D．they wanted to help the North to fight against the South

3．After the Civil War the blacks had ________.

[　　]

4．In the last sentence of the story, “stepped out of line” implied (暗示) ________.

[　　]

5．The best title of the passage might be ________.

[　　]

A．Fighting Between Slaves And Slave Owners

B．The Civil War Between The North And The South

C．Black History

D．Separation

閱讀理解。

　　The history of slavery is a very sad story. Beginning in 1619, the first slaves came to America from Africa. In the South, there were big tobacco and cotton plantation (種植園). The plantation owners bought slaves like animals to work for them. Slaves picked cotton in the fields. They worked in the houses. They could not leave the plantations. They did not get paid for their work. Some slave owners were very cruel.

　　There were laws against slavery in the North. Many slaves ran away to the North. From 1861 to 1865 there was a Civil War between the North and the South. After the Civil War, all slaves became free. After the war there were still many problems for African-American people. They had no education. They could not vote. They earned very little money.

　　For many, many years, black people and white people were segregated (kept separate) by law. There were segregated school, segregated movie houses, and segregated train cars. Black people and white people could not go to the same restaurants, hotels, or swimming pools. They could not drink water from the same places or use the same bathrooms. Black people could not get good jobs. They could not find good places to live. They could not play in sports with white people.

　　When black people tried to change things, they were caught and putting to prison. They lost their jobs. They might be killed and their houses might be burned down who “stepped out of line.”

(1) The slave owners bought black mainly because ________.

[　　]

(2) Many slaves ran away to the North because ________.

[　　]

A．the Civil War took place between the North and the South

B．slaves were free in the North

C．they could get more pay in the North

D．they wanted to help the North to fight against the South

(3) After the Civil War the blacks had ________.

[　　]

(4) In the last sentence of the story, “stepped out of line” implied (暗示) ________.

[　　]

(5) The best title of the passage might be ________.

[　　]

A．Fighting Between Slaves And Slave Owners

B．The Civil War Between The North And The South

C．Black History

D．Separation

President Abraham Lincoln’s first call for volunteers to fight in the Civil War was for whites only.The Civil War was a white man’s war，northern whites insisted.Its purpose was to preserve the Union.It was not being fought to end slavery.But by September of 1862，the sentiment toward black volunteers had changed.Lincoln had hoped that the war would be short，but it had already lasted for a year and a half.Union manpower had fallen dangerously.

Lincoln had a plan.He issued the Emancipation Proclamation.It stated that as of January 1,1863，all slaves living in the rebellious southern states would be forever free.And starting immediately，Union armies would accept black volunteers.

The southern rebels’response to Lincoln’s call for black troops was a deadly one.Captives (俘虜) of any Union regiment (團) with black troops were to be given “no quarter”．They were to be put to death immediately.

African?American troops throughout the war distinguished themselves (表現(xiàn)突出) in battle at places like Milliken’s Bend，Fort Wagner，and the Crater at St.Petersburg.As to their conduct on the battlefield，Colonel Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote，“Nobody knows anything about these men who has not seen them in battle.No officer in this regiment now doubts that the successful process of the war lies in the unlimited employment of black troops.” By the war’s end,186,000 black men had participated.They made up nearly 10 percent of Union forces.These black soldiers saw action in more than 250 battles.Black soldiers also gave their lives.By the war’s end，about 38,000 black soldiers had died.They died from disease，in battle，and after capture by rebel troops.

1. This passage is mainly about________.

A．cause of the Civil War

B．the Emancipation Proclamation

C．black soldiers in the Civil War

D．why Lincoln was a good president

2. What does the underlined word “sentiment” in the first paragraph mean?

A．Whites.

B．People who keep watch.

C．Rebels.

D．Thought and feeling.

3.What can we conclude from the passage?

A．Lincoln acted too late to free the slaves.

B．Blacks fought well for the Union cause.

C．The Civil War changed American history.

D．The southern rebels nearly won the Civil War.

4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The Civil War’s purpose was to drive the black away.

B．The Civil War ended just in one year with the help of the blacks.

C．All slaves were set free by September of 1862.

D．Black captives of any Union regiment were killed after Lincoln’s call.

A "secret" message, unseen for almost 150 years and making the start of the U.S. Civil War (1861-1865), has been uncovered in Abraham Lincoln's gold pocket watch, U.S. media reported on Wednesday.

"Lincoln never knew of the message he carried in his pocket," Brent D. Glass, director of the National Museum of American History said in a statement.

The message, which was engraved by an Irish immigrant and watchmaker named Jonathan Dillon, is dated April 13, 1861, and reads in part: "Fort Sumpter [sic] was attacked by the rebels" and "thank God we have a government."

"It's a personal side of history about an ordinary watchman being inspired to record something for posterity," Glass said.

The museum decided to open the watch after being contacted by the watchmaker's great-great-grandson, Doug Stiles, who had received a letter from a relative in Ireland. It said that the family had found a letter Dillon had written about the purported (據說的) message in the watch.

Then Stiles, a 57 -year-old real estate lawyer in Waukegan, Illinois, searched on the Internet and found a New York Times article from 1906, where Dillon told the story at the age of 84.

During the interview, Dillon said that he unscrewed the dial of the watch and wrote on the metal as soon as he heard the news about the first shot of the Civil War. "The first gun is fired. Slavery is dead. Thank God we have a President who at least will try."

However, the actual message that the museum found is different from what Dillon recalled. It reads, "Jonathan Dillon, April 13－1861, Fort Sumpter [sic] was attacked by the rebels on the above date J Dillon, April 13 -1861, Washington, thank God we have a government, Jonth Dillon."

61．Who wrote the message in Abraham Lincoln's pocket watch?

A．Lincoln himself．                                B．Brent D．Glass．

C．Jonathan Dillon．                                D．Doug Stiles.

62．The message was about ________.

A．the start of the U.S．Civil War              B．Abraham Lincoln's daily life

C．the slavery in the U.S．                        D．the ending of the U.S．Civil War

63．Doug Stiles first knew about the message from _________.

A．a relative in Ireland                              B．a report of New York Times

C．the Internet                                        D．Brent D．Glass

64．The underlined word "posterity" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to "________".

A．historical research                                B．entertainment

C．his children                                         D．friendship

65．Which of the following can be inferred from the message?

A．Jonathan Dillon was sure of the victory of the government.

B．Jonathan Dillon lost all hopes about the government.

C．Jonathan Dillon thought that rebels would beat the government.

D．Jonathan Dillon believed that slavery would be abolished.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

By Noel B Gerson

218 pages. Praeger $8.95

“So this is the little lady who made this big war,”said Abraham Lincoln. The president was meeting the author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin for the first time, more than a decade after the book’s publication in 1852.“It was not simply a patronizing(傲慢的)remark”. Harriet Beecher Stowe really was small：“I am a little bit of a woman,”she described herself,“about as thin and dry as a pinch of snuff.”

If Uncle Tom’s Cabin did not quite start a war, it ignited the minds of people North and South, both for and against abolition. Tens of thousands of Americans who had not read the book already knew Simon Legree as the classic slave driver and Uncle Tome the black victim.

Harriet Beecher Stowe was a well-known writer well before Uncle Tom’s Cabin made her rich and famous. For a time, she and her preacher husband Calvin Stowe were too poor to afford a servant. Mrs. Stowe ran her house, cared for her twin daughters(the first two of seven children),churned out genteel, folksy stories and religious essays to help make ends meet.

Uncle Tom’s Cabin changed all that. It was the first great American best-seller. In the initial year in print, it sold 300,000 copies, and eventually more than 3 million American readers bought the book. Worldwide, sales ran to something like 10 million in 40 languages.

In this plain but informative portrait, biographer Gerson notes that author Stowe never visited the deep South before the Civil War. Most of the knowledge of slavery was gained from former slaves whom she met while living in Cincinnati(one of the busiest stops on the Underground Railway), though she did visit a working plantation in Kentucky briefly in 1833.

In spite of the impact on the world of her celebrated novel it turns out that except for the issue of slavery, she had a scant interest in politics.

1．Harriet Beecher Stowe is a book that describes mainly________.

　　　　 A．the effect of Uncle Tom’s Cabin

B．the family of Mrs. Stowe

C．the reason for the popularity of Uncle Tom’s Cabin

D．the life and works of Mrs. Stowe

2．Abraham Lincoln’s remark concerning Harriet Beecher Stowe was______.

　　　　 A．patronizing and inspiring

B．important and necessary

C．made in 1852

D．patronizing but quite accurate

3．The cause of the Civil War was really_________.

　　　　 A．the issue of abolition

B．the uprising of the oppressed class

C．the popularity of the song“Old Black Joe”

D．the anger felt by those who read“Uncle Tom’s Cabin”

4．Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote many stories________.

　　　　 A．to fight for the independence of America

B．to supplement her husband’s income

C．to champion the cause of the slaves

D．to obtain fame as a writer

5．Harriet Beecher Stowe’s knowledge of slavery was________.

　　　　 A．not accurate

B．based on reports only

C．gathered from both slave drivers and slaves

D．mainly gained from slaves

閱讀理解

　　Black Americans make up eleven and a half percent of the total population of the United States. They are the descendants(后裔) of Africans who had been brought to America as slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries. During the Civil War (1861-1865) between the Northern States of the U.S. and the slave holding Southern States, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which ended slavery in the United States.

　　For a few years after the war, the freed slaves had the same rights as all White Americans--according to the law. Actually, however, many, perhaps most, could not exercise their rights to the full, as they were uneducated and ignorant (無知的); moreover, they had no land or other means of production. So they were largely at the mercy of their former masters. Black Americans continued to be treated unfairly despite their liberation. It was not long before the former slave-owners got back political power in the Southern States and began to pass state laws to push the black people into slavery again. Besides effectively taking away the black people's right to vote, they passed laws to keep white and black people separated and to prevent blacks from getting certain jobs.

　　It was not until almost a century later that blacks began to demand their rights as American citizens. They struggled against racism and all of the state discrimination(歧視) laws. The Civil Rights Movement was at its height in the early 1960's and in 1964，the Civil Rights Act was passed，making discrimination in all public places illegal. Today legal discrimination is ended but social discrimination is still widespread. Black Americans and all other minority peoples in the United States will never be free and equal until they have economic freedom and cultural equality.

1．What is the main idea about the text?

[　　]

A．Black Americans' life in the United States.

B．The ending of legal discrimination against Black Americans.

C．The history of slavery and racial discrimination and the black people's struggles against them.

D．Black Americans' eagerness to have their equal rights.

2．Which of the following is NOT a reason why most black people could not fully exercise their rights?

[　　]

A．The law did not provide as many rights as possible for them.

B．They received little education and were lack of knowledge.

C．They had no land and could not work.

D．They were economically dependent on others and could make livings on their own.

3．What does the underlined word“illegal”mean in Paragraph 3?

[　　]

A．stopped　　　　B．lawless

C．allowed　　　　D．ended

4．Which of the following is the most important for people who want to get real freedom?

[　　]

A．Political power.

B．Power of economy and culture.

C．Weapons in their hands for struggle.

D．The help of White Americans.

閱讀理解

　　Black Americans make up eleven and a half percent of the total population of the United States. They are the descendants(后裔) of Africans who had been brought to America as slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries. During the Civil War (1861-1865) between the Northern States of the U.S. and the slave holding Southern States, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation which ended slavery in the United States.

　　For a few years after the war, the freed slaves had the same rights as all White Americans--according to the law. Actually, however, many, perhaps most, could not exercise their rights to the full, as they were uneducated and ignorant (無知的); moreover, they had no land or other means of production. So they were largely at the mercy of their former masters. Black Americans continued to be treated unfairly despite their liberation. It was not long before the former slave-owners got back political power in the Southern States and began to pass state laws to push the black people into slavery again. Besides effectively taking away the black people's right to vote, they passed laws to keep white and black people separated and to prevent blacks from getting certain jobs.

　　It was not until almost a century later that blacks began to demand their rights as American citizens. They struggled against racism and all of the state discrimination(歧視) laws. The Civil Rights Movement was at its height in the early 1960's and in 1964，the Civil Rights Act was passed，making discrimination in all public places illegal. Today legal discrimination is ended but social discrimination is still widespread. Black Americans and all other minority peoples in the United States will never be free and equal until they have economic freedom and cultural equality.

1．What is the main idea about the text?

[　　]

A．Black Americans' life in the United States.

B．The ending of legal discrimination against Black Americans.

C．The history of slavery and racial discrimination and the black people's struggles against them.

D．Black Americans' eagerness to have their equal rights.

2．Which of the following is NOT a reason why most black people could not fully exercise their rights?

[　　]

A．The law did not provide as many rights as possible for them.

B．They received little education and were lack of knowledge.

C．They had no land and could not work.

D．They were economically dependent on others and could make livings on their own.

3．What does the underlined word“illegal”mean in Paragraph 3?

[　　]

A．stopped　　　　B．lawless

C．allowed　　　　D．ended

4．Which of the following is the most important for people who want to get real freedom?

[　　]

A．Political power.

B．Power of economy and culture.

C．Weapons in their hands for struggle.

D．The help of White Americans.

1.The soil can ________(吸收) water, so it helps to keep water from flowing away.

2.Mr. King’s son went to a ________(私立的) school last year.

3.My mum is ________ (躊躇) around not knowing how to solve the problem

4.The serious air crash killed the 250 passengers ________(在飛機上).

5.He is the only person I can ________(相信) in this company.

6.The scenery in Rio De Janeiro is really a ________(盛宴) for the eyes.

7.After the American Civil War, slavery was ________(廢除).

8.Shengzhen, which is one of the earliest special economic ________(區(qū)域) in China, has become a modern city.

9.Rosa Parks was ________(逮捕) because she refused to stand up for a white man.

10.Fifty years ago, mixed-race marriages were ________(禁止).