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A person has been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give him a blood transfusion because he has lost a great deal of blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for him. If the blood is too different from his own, the transfusion could kill him.

There are four basic types of blood: A, B, AB and O. A single test can tell us a person’s blood type. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood. Blood type, like hair color and height, is inherited from parents. Because of the substances contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can give to any other group; so it is often called the universal donor. For the opposite reason, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient(領(lǐng)受者). However, because there can be so many reactions in transfusions, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (血漿) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of the hospital. In this way, it is possible to avoid any bad reactions to the transfusion.

There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among the Europeans, about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O. The rarest is type AB. Other races have different percentage. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type O.

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項。

　　You have been badly injured in a car accident it is necessary to give you a blood in blood transfusion because you lost a great deal of blood in the accident，however，special care must be taken in selecting new blood for you．If the blood is too different from your own，he transfusion could kill you．

　　There are four basic types of blood：A，B，AB and O．A simple test can tell us a person's blood type．Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood．Blood type，like hair color and height，is inherited from Parents．Because of the substances contained in each type，the four group must be trans-fused carefully．Basically，A and B cannot be mixed．A and B cannot receive AB，but AB may receive A or B．O can give to any other group；so it is often called the universal donor．For the opposite reason，AB is sometimes called the universal recipient．However，because there can be so many reactions in trans-fusions，patients usually receive only salt or plasma(血漿)until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of the hospital．In this way，it is possible to avoid any bad reactions to the transfusion．

　　There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality．A-among the Europeans，about 42 percent have type A while 45 percent have type O．The rarest is type AB．Other races have different percentage．For example，some American Indian groups have nearly 100 Percent type O．

1．Which of the following diagrams shows the correct relationship in blood transfusions？(giving blood to→、)

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2．Usually，a person who as been injured and lost too much bloodshould be given a blood transfusion________．

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A．a(chǎn)fter he has a good rest

B．a(chǎn)fter he receives salt or plasma

C．immediately after the accident happens

D．before there are so many reactions

3．If the blood is too different from the injured，the transfusion________．

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4．The writer suggests that the third most common blood type among the Europeans is________．

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5．The passage mainly tells us that________．

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A．there is only one type of blood in a person's body

B．a(chǎn) person's blood type is decided by hair and height

C．a(chǎn) person's blood type can be changed into another

D．there are four basic types of blood in a person's body