科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
30、We've all experienced a "good cry". Shedding (流) some tears can often make us feel better and help us put things in perspective. But why is crying beneficial? And is there such a thing as a "bad cry"?
The researchers analyzed the detailed accounts of more than 3,000 recent crying experiences and found that the benefits of crying depend entirely on the what, where and when of a particular crying episode (一段經(jīng)歷). The majority of persons reported improvements in their mood following a short period of crying. However, one third reported no improvement in mood and a tenth felt worse after crying. Criers who received social support during their crying episode were the most likely to report improvements in mood.
Research to date has not always produced a clear picture of the benefits of crying, in part because the results often seem to depend on how crying is studied. The researchers note several challenges in accurately studying crying behavior in a laboratory setting. Volunteers who cry in a laboratory setting often do not describe their experiences as making them feel better. Rather, crying in a laboratory setting often results in the study participants feeling worse; this may be due to the stressful conditions of the study itself, such as being videotaped or watched by researchers. This may produce negative emotions, which neutralize (使無效) the positive benefits usually connected with crying.
However, these laboratory studies have provided interesting findings about the physical effects of crying. Criers do show calming effects such as slower breathing, but they also experience a lot of unpleasant stress, including increased heart rate and sweating. What is interesting is that bodily calming usually lasts longer than the unpleasant. The calming effects may occur later and overcome the stress reaction, which would account for why people tend to remember mostly the pleasant side of crying.
Research has shown that the effects of crying also depend on who is shedding the tears. For example, individuals with anxiety or mood disorders are least likely to experience the positive effects of crying. In addition, the researchers report that people who lack insight into their emotional lives actually feel worse after crying.
67. We can infer from the passage that __________________.
A. people don't like being seen crying
B. crying in public makes people feel better
C. a bad cry is as common as a good cry
D. a good cry can sometimes help us face problems rightly
68. The beneficial effects of crying can be shown when _________.
A. your breath becomes slow B. you sweat a lot.
C. your face turns pale D. you are being watched
69. Who will be least likely to feel worse after crying?
A. People who receive help in course of crying.
B. People who fail to understand their emotions.
C. People who are anxious and nervous.
D. People whose mood is not in order.
70. The passage is mainly about ___________.
A. the types of crying B. the way of crying
C. the psychology of crying D. the causes of crying
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五、短文改錯(cuò)
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科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
29、If you're into sports, you've seen it happen. You've probably even experienced it: basketball players shaking hands after four quarters of knocking each other around, tennis players leaping over the net to shake hands with their opponents (對手) after a hard-fought match, soccer players exchanging sport shirts after an intense 90 minutes, even boxers touching gloves at the beginning of each round, then hugging each other after beating each other into a pulp for 12 rounds. It seems like competitors in every event, from spelling bees to hockey, behave this way. What's going on?
It's all part of sportsmanship, a great tradition in sports and competition that means playing clean and handling both victory and defeat with grace, style, and dignity.
What is sportsmanship? Sportsmanship is defined as: playing fair, following the rules of the game, respecting the judgment of referees and officials, treating opponents with respect.
Some people define good sportsmanship as the "golden rule" of sports --- in other words, treating the people you play with and against as you'd like to be treated yourself. You demonstrate good sportsmanship when you show respect for yourself, your teammates, and your opponents, for the coaches on both sides, and for the referees, judges, and other officials.
But sportsmanship isn't just reserved for the people on the field. Cheerleaders and fans also need to be aware of how they behave during competition. Sportsmanship is a style and an attitude; and it can have a positive influence on everyone around you.
Learning good sportsmanship means finding that the positive attitude learned on the field carries over into other areas of life. At school, for example, you're able to appreciate the contributions made by classmates and know how to work as part of a team to complete a project. You may enjoy more success at work as well, because a big part of learning good sportsmanship is learning to be respectful of others, including customers and co-workers.
64. The author introduces the topic of the passage by___________.
A. showing an interesting discussion B. comparing several sport events
C. explaining some game rules D. giving some specific examples
65. When players play clean, ____________.
A. they play in fresh air B. they play in a skilled way
C. they play within the rules D. they play without hurting each other
66. The purpose of writing this passage is to ____________.
A. advise readers to take some exercise B. provide some basic sport knowledge
C. show the meaning of sportsmanship D. expect players to compete actively
科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
28、近年來, 世界各地極端天氣不斷發(fā)生．請根據(jù)以下提示寫一則短文．
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現(xiàn)象 |
夏季高溫,冬季低溫,導(dǎo)致水災(zāi) 干旱 雪災(zāi)等自然災(zāi)害; |
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原因 |
全球化變暖,環(huán)境破壞,特別是空氣污染等; |
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措施 |
保護(hù)環(huán)境,倡導(dǎo)低碳生活． |
注意: 1．可在所給內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上做適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)揮;
2．詞數(shù)100-120．
3．參考詞匯: 低碳生活low-carbon life; 干旱 drought
科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
26、 Between their crazy schedules and upside-down circadian（晝夜節(jié)律的） rhythms, teens have always been somewhat sleep-deprived（剝奪）．Now technology is making it worse．
Teens are not just texting, instant-messaging and surfing Facebook all day; they’re sleeping with their cell phones or laptops, too．Or rather, not sleeping．And doctors and parents, many of whom raised in an era when phones were attached to walls, are concerned．
“So many teens are having sleep issues, and parents aren’t necessarily regulating the use of the electronic devices enough,” says Margie Ryerson, a therapist．“It’s impossible to wind down and relax the body, the mind, the senses and be ready to fall asleep．”
“We all know teens don’t get enough sleep in general,” says San Francisco．“As long as parents allow teens to have these devices in their bedrooms at night, teens will be tempted（誘惑） to use them．” … Teens would socialize 24/7 if they could．
Ryerson calls it the CNN syndrome of teenhood — round-the-clock reports on breaking news about everything, from homework to wardrobe choices to ice-cream cravings．
Sleep deprivation is linked to memory and concentration problems, anxiety and depression, and moodiness．“Many people assume these problems arise directly from adolescence, which is not really true,” he says．“The real issue is sleep deprivation．Late-night texting can certainly make the situation worse．”
“The psychology behind this constant contact is certainly understandable,” Ryerson says．“It comes from wanting to avoid being left out．They won’t be considered important and significant in their peer group, if they don’t know what’s going on．If they’re on top of everything, they belong,” she says．
“What helps, at least for younger kids,” says Ryerson, “is parental involvement．If all of their friends are all able to text into the early hours of the night, it is hard for a middle or high schooler to set the limit themselves．Often they appreciate parents stepping in．”
“As parents, we want our kids to be happy, healthy and responsible,” she says, “and the most necessary requirement for achieving balance is to first take care of ourselves physically — eating well, exercising and getting enough sleep．”
82．According to Ryerson, it seems that ____．
A．it is unnecessary to control teens’ using the electric devices
B．parents possibly don’t control teens in using the electric devices
C．there is no need for parents to make use of the electric devices
D．parents don’t learn enough how to use the electric devices
83．By saying the underlined part “the CNN syndrome of teenhood” （in Para5）, Ryerson means _．
A．teens are affected by CNN news reports very much
B．teens watch news report on CNN around the clock
C．teens text to tell each other everything possible
D．teens like the news report on CNN
84．When teens felt depressed, people used to think it was because ____．
A．teens stayed up late to do homework
B．teens were easily anxious in character
C．teens didn’t have enough sleep at night
D．teens were going through a period of growth
85．Why do teens keep texting all the time?
A．To have a sense of being accepted by others．
B．To keep informed of what is going on in the world．
C．To spread important news among their group．
D．To reduce the pressure from parents and schools．
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四、短文改錯(cuò)
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科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
25、 Can we turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply emphasize how unhappy they are．
The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by referring to older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better．If you tell your friend that he may be an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults．In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write passages opposing funding for the disabled．When they were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written．
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem（自尊）．The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes．Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell．When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable．”
Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the experiment．In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts．
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy（心理治療） that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them．In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse．Meditation（靜思） techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a large, more realistic perspective（視野）．Call it the power of negative thinking．
78．The Canadian researchers find that _____．
A．encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good
B．there can be no simple cure for psychological problems
C．unhappy people cannot think positively
D．the power of positive thinking is limited
79．What does the author mean by “… you’re just underlining his faults” （Line4, Para3）?
A．You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough．
B．You are pointing out the mistakes he has made．
C．You are emphasizing the fact that he is not clever．
D．You are trying to make him feel better about his faults．
80．What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?
A．It is important for people to continually improve their self-esteem．
B．Thinking positively can bring a positive change to one’s mood．
C．People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings．
D．Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem．
81．What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person．
B．Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy．
C．Different people tend to have different ways of thinking．
D．People can avoid making mistakes through meditation．
科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
24、 Scores of farms across he country are opening up to overnight guests．The best have all the appeal of a first-rate inn（小旅館） — plus here a moo, there a moo．
Sure, you and your kids have a plan for the theme parks．In the meanwhile, why not make a little hay（干草）? Farm stays are fast becoming the great American alternative to the pre-packaged vacation．
LIBERTY HALL FARM
Rochester, Vt．; 802/767-3926; ．Adults $75, teens $50, kids 12 and under $35, including breakfast and dinner; shared baths．
Beth and Bob Kennett run a farm straight out of a storybook．You’ll find Beth in the kitchen, rolling out dough（生面團(tuán)） for a pie．Bob’s busy with other work．Guests sleep in seven sunny bedrooms right in the farmhouse and can participate in any of the farm jobs．Maybe you and your kids won’t be up at 6 am to meet the milk truck, but you can help with the milking twice a day, collect eggs, and pick sweet corn and wild blackberries in season．
HULL-O FARM
Durham, N．Y．; 518/239-6950; Adults $110, kids 10-14 $60, 5-9 $50, 2-4 $35, under 2 free, including breakfast and dinner; private baths．
It started in 1993 as a way to bring in some extra money at a time of falling milk prices．But soon after Frank and Sherry Hull opened their Catskill Mountains dairy farm to overnight visitors, they discovered they loved it．As you drive up, Sherry greets you on the porch（入口處） of the 1825 farmhouse with a cow-shaped cookie jar．Before long your kids are playing around with the cows, sheep, ducks, goats and getting ready for a hayride．
MERAMEC FARM CABINS
Bourbon, Mo．; 573/732-4765; Doubles with private bath $75, $10 per additional person．Trail and riding fees extra．
Climb on the back of the Ford pick up and catch up with the herd．One gentle cow named Cricket will even let the kids sit on her back．At the barn（牲口棚） Carol will introduce you to the horses — 15 Missouri Fox Trotters — and lead you on a ride over the hills and down along the spring-fed Meramec River, where everyone swims．Grab a fishing pole and head back to the river．When you have your fill of the wild, try Carol and Dave’s favorite restaurants, within 20 miles of the farm．
74．The underlined sentence in the first paragraph implies that _____．
A．you can enjoy the best cuisine at the first rate restaurant
B．some farms provide country experiences as well as good accommodations
C．farm work is hard, but you can enjoy it a lot, playing with the animals
D．if you want to hear a cow’s cry, please stay on a best farm
75．We can learn from the three ads that ____．
A．Hull-O Farm was not built for overnight visitors
B．Frank and Sherry Hull run a farm out of a storybook
C．kids can sit on a gentle cow’s back on Hull-O Farm
D．you can’t milk a cow if you get up late on Liberty Hill Farm
76．The Browns have a 13-year-old son and 11-year-old daughter．If they stay on Liberty Hill Farm for one night, how much will they pay?
A．$175． B．$220． C．$235． D．$250．
77．Who will be most likely interested in the webpage?
A．Kids who want to find pleasure in the theme parks．
B．People who expect to be employed on the farm．
C．Those who plan to have family vacations on working farms．
D．Researchers who are interested in raising cows on farms．
科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
23、 Russia and the United States have completed the largest spy exchange since the Cold War．On Friday, at an airport in Vienna, Austria, an American plane and a Russian plane landed, parked side by side and exchanged occupants．
The United States freed ten admitted Russian agents．The men and women were arrested in late June and pleaded（承認(rèn)） guilty on Thursday．
In exchange, Russia freed four Russians serving prison sentences on charges of spying for the West．The men include Igor Sutyagin, an armed researcher who always denied the charges．Some considered him a political prisoner．
The United States deported（驅(qū)逐） nine Russian and an American citizen born in Peru．Some raised children while living quiet lives as married couples．
Russia’s Foreign Ministry praised the exchange, saying, “The action improved Russian-U．S．relations．”
The group was accused of trying to gain information on American nuclear weapons, foreign policy and politics for the SVR — Russia’s foreign intelligence service．
The ten were only charged with plotting（陰謀） to act as undeclared foreign agents．They were not charged with the more serious crime of spying, so the extent（程度） of their success as spies is not clear．
One of the Russians, Anna Chapman, drew attention with her looks and stories of her New York party life．Hr lawyer, Robert Baum, said she had not passed secret information to Russia or received any payment．He also said, “She was accused of communicating with a Russian official through a laptop to laptop communication, without the government specifying the nature of the communication．”
70．The underlined word “occupants” in the first paragraph probably refers to _____．
A．the pilots of the planes
B．the passengers on board the planes
C．the spies of Russia and the United States
D．the officials of Russia and the United States
71．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Altogether fourteen spies were exchanged．
B．Anna Chapman wrote stories about her New York party life．
C．One of the Russian spies was an American born in Peru．
72．The way both countries are handling the issue suggests that _____．
A．neither side is interested in starting a fight
B．neither side is in need of spies now
C．the two countries are finding faults with each other
D．the two countries are in a cold war now
73．The passage is most probably _____．
A．a(chǎn)n advertisement B．a(chǎn) newspaper ad
C．a(chǎn) book review D．a(chǎn) news report
科目： 來源：gzyy 題型：
22、A
They may make us scared, but somehow we just can’t get enough of our favorite monsters．From literature to movies, TV shows to Halloween（萬圣節(jié)） costumes（服裝）, we want more of these blood-drinking, walking-dead, scary creatures!
Here’s a look at a few of them．
Mummy（木乃伊）: All you’ll need is a generous supply of toilet paper of make this instantly recognizable costume．The concept of mummies dates back thousands of years and across many cultures．Mummies are constantly seen in books, movies, and of course, on every Halloween night．
Werewolf（狼人）: The werewolf is known for its superhuman strength and shape-shifting powers．Examples of the werewolf date back to ancient Greek and Roman stories, which were about humans changing into animals and animals changing into humans．With television shows and movies, werewolves are once again having a strong influence on popular culture．
Frankenstein: Mary Shelley created the monster in her 1818 novel．Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who is curious about life and death, uses different body parts to create his works．Shocked by his new scientific creation, however, Victor ran away, leaving the creature to leave the laboratory and go out into the human world．Whether in books, movies, or onstage, this monster is still a costume favorite for people of all ages．
Zombie（僵尸）: Halloween activities would incomplete without zombies to really give people a fright．The zombie earned its title as one of Halloween’s most terrifying creatures after popular films．Zombies still frighten audiences as undead monsters that return to feast on the living．
Dracula（德拉庫拉）: This classic vampire（吸血鬼） has terrified audiences for decades, but first appeared as a character in Irish writer Bram Stoker’s 1897 novel．In horror films, Dracula remains the most popular character．He is known for his pale skin, sharp teeth, red lips and son on．
66．According to the article, monsters ______．
A．a(chǎn)re scary but at the same time fascinating
B．provide excitement for people who lead dull lives
C．a(chǎn)re mysterious and have supernatural powers
D．can change into humans
67．Which of the following statements about monster costume is TRUE according to the article?
A．A zombie costume is the choice costume of people celebrating Halloween．
B．A mummy costume is easy to make and can be immediately recognized．
C．Frankenstein’s monster is losing appeal（吸引力） among some people．
D．Because of its uniqueness, the Dracula costume is the most popular for Halloween．
68．We can conclude that ______．
A．Dracula is the only monster who first appeared in a book
B．mummies may come back to life in the future
C．Victor Frankenstein was finally able to get his monster under control
D．Frankenstein’s monster was created using different body parts
69．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Monster Halloween Costumes
B．Monsters and Halloween
C．Monsters Loved by people
D．How Monsters Scare People
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