仁愛英語同步練習(xí)冊(cè)九年級(jí)仁愛版廣東專版
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三、閱讀理解。
In the 100 years of the 20th century, the world's population increased by more than 400%, but population growth has slowed down clearly. The fastest population growth rate (比率) of the world appeared in the late 1960s, and the growth rate has been falling since then. The world's population increased by 2% every year in the late 1960s, while it has now slowed to an increase of just about 1% every year.
There are three basic reasons for global (全球的) population growth: death rate, birth rate and population momentum (趨勢). The falling death rate and the increasing birth rate in each country have led to (導(dǎo)致) an increase in the world's population. The falling momentum of birth rates, that is, the number of children per woman, also has a big effect on world's population growth. The global birth rate was 5 children per woman before the end of the 1960s and it has halved since then.
The UN projections (預(yù)測) for the global population growth rates starting in the 1950s, have a good record in projecting the size of the global population.
Population growth without limit (限制) is not a good thing. So we have made policies to control the population.
根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。
( ) 1. The world's population growth rate has been falling since ______.
A. the 21st century
B. the late 1960s
C. the 1950s
D. the end of the 20th century
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)第一段中“The fastest population growth rate of the world appeared in the late 1960s, and the growth rate has been falling since then.”可知，世界人口增長率從20世紀(jì)60年代末開始下降，故選B。
(
D
) 2. There are three basic reasons for global population growth except ______.
A. death rate
B. birth rate
C. population momentum
D. growth rate
答案：D
解析：根據(jù)第二段中“There are three basic reasons for global population growth: death rate, birth rate and population momentum.”可知，全球人口增長的三個(gè)基本原因是死亡率、出生率和人口趨勢，不包括增長率，故選D。
(
B
) 3. What does the underlined word "halved" mean in Chinese?
A. 均分
B. 減半
C. 平均
D. 半截
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)前半句“The global birth rate was 5 children per woman before the end of the 1960s”可知，20世紀(jì)60年代末之前全球出生率為每名婦女5個(gè)孩子，“since then”表示從那以后，結(jié)合語境可推測“halved”意為“減半”，即現(xiàn)在每名婦女的孩子數(shù)量是原來的一半，故選B。
(
D
) 4. The UN projections for the global population growth rates ______.
A. stopped after the 20th century
B. has increased since the late 1960s
C. has stopped since the end of the 1960s
D. has a good record since the 1950s
答案：D
解析：根據(jù)第三段中“The UN projections for the global population growth rates starting in the 1950s, have a good record in projecting the size of the global population.”可知，聯(lián)合國從20世紀(jì)50年代開始對(duì)全球人口增長率的預(yù)測有很好的記錄，故選D。
(
D
) 5. What's the best title for this article?
A. Future Population Growth
B. The Largest World Population
C. The Increasing Population
D. The Falling Population Growth Rate
答案：D
解析：文章主要講述了20世紀(jì)世界人口增長率很高，但從20世紀(jì)60年代末開始人口增長率一直在下降，并分析了原因等，所以“The Falling Population Growth Rate”（下降的人口增長率）最適合作為文章標(biāo)題，故選D。
四、閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。
it, heavy, government, by, social, get, they, restaurant, take, slow
As we all know, China has a very large population in the world. population has reached more than 1.44 billion. With less and less newborn babies, our country has 2 stepped into an aging (變老的) period (時(shí)期). The number of elderly (年紀(jì)大的) people reached 267 million 3 the end of 2021. The number keeps 4 bigger. In order to make sure these old people can enjoy their old age, Chinese government has 5 many measures.
Firstly, improve the 6 security (保障) system. Secondly, build more elderly care houses. Thirdly, 7 more care of elderly people's health. What's more, our government encourages and supports 8 to open elderly care restaurants. The food in these 9 is not expensive and it is easy for the elderly to eat.
I believe that with the help of our 10, all the elderly people can live a happy life.
答案：1. Its
解析：此處指代“China's”，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞“Its”，表示“它的”，句首首字母大寫。
2. slowly
解析：句意為“隨著新生兒越來越少，我們的國家已經(jīng)慢慢步入老齡化時(shí)期”。“slowly”是副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞“stepped”，表示“慢慢地”。
3. by
解析：“by the end of”表示“到……結(jié)束時(shí)”，是固定短語，符合語境。
4. getting
解析：“keep doing sth.”表示“一直做某事”，“get bigger”表示“變得更大”，get的動(dòng)名詞是getting。
5. taken
解析：“take measures”表示“采取措施”，根據(jù)“has”可知時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，take的過去分詞是taken。
6. social
解析：“social security system”表示“社會(huì)保障體系”，是固定短語，“social”是形容詞，修飾名詞“security”。
7. heavier
8. government
9. restaurants
10. them
